12. The choice of channels can be defined in terms of intensive distribution sel

12. The choice of channels can be defined in terms of intensive distribution selective distribution and __________.
A) Marketing distribution
B) Sales distribution
C) Exclusive distribution
D) Product distribution13. _________ relates to the ability of the manufacturer to adapt to changing conditions.
A) Channel flexibility
B) Mathematical modeling
C) Price fixing
D) Observational research14. An administered vertical marketing system ________________.
A) Is composed of a united group of independent retailers
B) Has a strong channel leader that works to maintain long-term relationships with other channel members
C) Involves single ownership of two or more levels of a channel
D) Is composed of independent production and distribution companies that enter into formal arrangements to perform designated marketing functions15. The primary role of all marketing intermediaries is ______________.
A) To bring supply and demand together in an efficient and orderly fashion
B) To bring supply and demand together in effective fashion
C) To unite customers
D) All of the above16. Demand influences on _______ decisions concern primarily the nature of the target market and expected reactions of consumers to a given price or change in price.
A) Advertising
B) Market
C) Competitive
D) Pricing 17. The price of a product usually must cover costs of production promotion and
_______________.
A) Administration
B) Compensation
C) Distribution
D) Sales18. Effective pricing decisions involve consideration of many factors and different
industries may have different pricing practices this is referred to as the
___________.A) General pricing model
B) Bundle pricing
C) Cost-plus pricing
D) Odd pricing19. A company might use penetration pricing when _______________.
A) Demand for a new product is price inelastic
B) A product entering its decline stage has been repositioned
C) Competition with a new product is expected shortly after its introduction
D) Economies of scale are not a consideration 20. What is the primary law that is used to protect companies from price fixing?
A) Sherman Antitrust Act
B) Robinson-Patman act
C) Federal trade commission act
D) Clayton act